7:43 AM
M V Rao
A system is in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium, when there is no change in any of its macroscopic properties, if the system is isolated from its surroundings. To have thermodynamic equilibrium, the following equilibriums are to be satisfied:
1 Mechanical Equilibrium: A system is said to be in mechanical equilibrium, if there are no unbalanced force within the system and also between the system and the surroundings.
2 Chemical Equilibrium: A system is said to be in chemical equilibrium, if there are no chemical reactions or transfer of matter from one part of the system to another, such as diffusion or solution.
3 Thermal Equilibrium: When a system existing in mechanical and chemical equilibrium is separated from its surrounding by a diathermic wall (a wall which allows heat energy to flow) and if there are no spontaneous change in any of the property of the system, then the system is said to exist in thermal equilibrium
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